Leverage

What is Financial Leverage (Equity Multiplier)?

Financial leverage measures how much a company amplifies returns (and risks) by using debt — the equity multiplier in the DuPont analysis framework.

Formula

Equity Multiplier = Total Assets ÷ Shareholders' Equity

How to Interpret

Higher leverage amplifies both ROE and risk. DuPont analysis decomposes ROE into margins × turnover × leverage.

Typical Ranges

1.5-2.5x for most companies. Higher for banks and financial institutions.

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